Exp Parasitol. 2017 Aug 10. pii: S0014-4894(17)30006-1. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.08.004. [Epub ahead of print]
Ribeiro M1,
Franco PS1,
Lopes-Maria JB1,
Angeloni MB1,
de Freitas Barbosa B1,
de Oliveira Gomes A2,
Castro AS1,
da Silva RJ1,
de Oliveira FC1,
Balga Milian IC1,
Martins-Filho OA3,
Ietta F4,
Mineo JR5,
Ferro EAV6.
Trophoblast infection by Toxoplasma gondii plays a pivotal role in the vertical transmission of toxoplasmosis. Here, we investigate whether the antibiotic therapy with azithromycin, spiramycin and sulfadiazine/pyrimethamine are effective to control trophoblast infection by two Brazilian T. gondii genotypes, TgChBrUD1 or TgChBrUD2. Two antibiotic protocols were evaluated, as follow: i) pre-treatment of T. gondii-tachyzoites with selected antibiotics prior trophoblast infection and ii) post-treatment of infected trophoblasts. The infection index/replication and the impact of the antibiotic therapy on the cytokine milieu were characterized. It was observed that TgChBrUD2 infection induced lower infection index/replication as compared to TgChBrUD1. Regardless the therapeutic protocol, azithromycin was more effective to control the trophoblast infection with both genotypes when compared to conventional antibiotics. Azithromycin induced higher IL-12 production in TgChBrUD1-infected cells that may synergize the anti-parasitic effect. In contrast, the effectiveness of azithromycin to control the TgChBrUD2-infection was not associated with the IL-12 production. BeWo-trophoblasts display distinct susceptibility to T. gondii genotypes and the azithromycin treatment showed to be more effective than conventional antibiotics to control the T. gondii infection/replication regardless the parasite genotype.
Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.
KEYWORDS:
Azithromycin; Cytokines; Toxoplasma gondii atypical strains; Trophoblast cell
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