J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Oct 9;72:74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.10.002. [Epub ahead of print]
Okusaga O1,
Duncan E2,
Langenberg P3,
Brundin L4,
Fuchs D5,
Groer MW6,
Giegling I7,
Stearns-Yoder KA8,
Hartmann AM7,
Konte B7,
Friedl M7,
Brenner LA9,
Lowry CA10,
Rujescu D7,
Postolache TT11.
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) chronic infection and elevated kynurenine (KYN) levels have been individually associated with non-fatal suicidal self-directed violence (NF-SSDV). We aimed to test the hypothesis that the association between T. gondii seropositivity and history of NF-SSDV would be stronger in schizophrenia patients with high plasma KYN levels than in those with lower KYN levels. We measured anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and plasma KYN in 950 patients with schizophrenia, and used logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between NF-SSDV and KYN in patients who were either seropositive or seronegative for T. gondii. For those with KYN levels in the upper 25th percentile, the unadjusted odds ratio for the association between NF-SSDV history and KYN in T. gondii seropositive patients was 1.63 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.66), p = 0.048; the adjusted odds ratio was 1.95 (95% CI 1.15 to 3.30), p = 0.014. Plasma KYN was not associated with a history of NF-SSDV in T. gondii seronegative patients. The results suggest that T. gondii and KYN may have a nonlinear cumulative effect on the risk of NF-SSDV among those with schizophrenia. If confirmed by future longitudinal studies, this result is expected to have both theoretical and clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of suicidal behavior.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
KEYWORDS:
Kynurenine; Non-fatal suicidal self-directed violence; Schizophrenia; Toxoplasma gondii
- PMID:
- 26594873
- [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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